CD Application Notes

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Far-UV CD Analysis During Biotherapeutic Development: A Method Capability Study

In this study carried out by Novartis, far- UV CD spectroscopy was qualified for the early development of a monoclonal antibody therapeutic. The high sensitivity of Chirascan V100 enabled low-level detection of an lgG1 mAb in mixture with a structurally high similar mAb. A demountable short-pathlength cell was used to minimize spectral contributions by formulation buffer excipients. Limit of Detection and Limit of Quantification was established, and CD data contributed to a successful biotherapeutic submission to regulatory authorities.

Secondary Structure and Stability of Imperfect G-Quadruplex Oligonucleotides

G-quadruplexes (GQs) are important biomarkers and drug targets because of their regulatory role in transcription. Adherence to the GQ consensus sequence is often used to predict new GQ regions, but this approach can overlook potential candidates that form imperfect G-Quadruplex (imGQs) structures containing bulges, vacancies or mismatches.

Multiple imGQs were characterized with regards to secondary structure, thermal stability and interaction with small molecule ligands. By making use of CD spectroscopy and orthogonal absorbance and fluorescence data obtained with a Chirascan, imGQs were shown to behave similarly to perfect GQs, suggesting that GQs with potential regulatory function are more abundant than commonly assumed.

Rational Optimization of Solvent Conditions for G-Quadruplex Oligonucleotides

As the regulatory role of G-quadruplex structures in crucial biological processes emerges, CD spectroscopy can be expected to gain increased importance in their characterization as drug targets for anti-viral and anticancer therapies.

In this study, CD spectroscopy was used as an orthogonal technique to optimize experimental conditions for Mass Spectrometry experiments, which can be used for high-throughput screening in drug development with regards to structural analysis and binding interactions.

Shining Light on Non-Chemical Steps in Protein Catalysis

Stopped-flow experiments using Applied Photophysics SX20 and Chirascan V100 SF.3 systems allow monitoring of different spectral properties including fluorescence, absorbance, and even far-and near-UV CD.With these tools. This study outlines the transition between fully folded and locally unfolded states of Tsa1, in its sulfenic acid form CP-SOH, is not in rapid equilibrium as previously hypothesised, but is almost irreversible (kFF~0s-1)and in direct competition with the hyperoxidation step.

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